Saruman’s betrayal is often imagined as a sudden fall. A wise wizard looks too long into dark knowledge.A proud mind meets Sauron through the palantír.A servant of the West becomes a rival of the Dark Lord. There is truth in that outline. But it is not the whole story. Saruman did not become dangerous only … Read more
Most readers know the title by heart. The Lord of the Rings. It is so familiar now that it can almost disappear. We hear it as the name of the whole story: Frodo, Sam, Gandalf, Aragorn, the Shire, Mordor, the Quest, the Ring, the fall of Sauron, and the return of the King. But the … Read more
When Frodo and Sam entered Mordor, the Quest became almost impossibly small. There were no armies around them. No banners. No songs. No clear road to victory. Just two Hobbits, a terrible burden, a little food, a little water, and a land designed to break the will of anything living. It is easy to remember … Read more
Saruman did not come to Middle-earth as a villain. That is easy to forget. By the time most readers meet him fully, he is already deep in treachery. He has imprisoned Gandalf. He has taken Isengard for himself. He has bred armies, cut trees, searched for the Ring, and wrapped himself in a vision of … Read more
Sauron was not easily deceived. He was ancient, watchful, and deeply learned in the hidden structures of the world. He had survived the ruin of Beleriand, the downfall of Númenor, the loss of the One Ring, and long centuries of rebuilding in shadow. By the end of the Third Age, very little in Middle-earth escaped … Read more
The Nazgûl losing their horses at the Ford of Bruinen can seem, at first, like a small detail. The river rises. The black horses are swept away. Frodo is saved. The Riders vanish from the scene. For many readers, the moment feels like a dramatic escape, not a major turning point in the War of … Read more
Most people think Sméagol became Gollum because of the Ring. And in one sense, that is true. The Ring stretched his life, poisoned his mind, drove him into secrecy, and consumed almost everything that had once been natural in him. By the time Bilbo meets him under the Misty Mountains, there is barely a recognizable … Read more
It is mentioned clearly enough that readers are meant to notice it. And then it disappears. There is no scene in which it is taken from him. No explanation of its powers. No warning about its danger. No note in the early Fourth Age telling us where it ended up, who found it, or whether … Read more
The end of The Two Towers is one of the cruelest cliffhangers in The Lord of the Rings. Frodo has been stung by Shelob. Sam has fought the spider off in a desperate struggle. Believing his master dead, he has made the almost unbearable decision to take the Ring and continue the Quest alone. For a few terrible … Read more
At first glance, Shadow of Mordor seems like it should belong. It is set in the dark years before the War of the Ring. Sauron is rising again. Mordor is filling with Orcs and captains. Gollum is still wandering in search of the Ring. And the story reaches backward into one of the most important names in … Read more